A velocity calculator is a tool used to determine the speed or velocity of an object or fluid in applications such as physics, engineering, or fluid dynamics. To use this calculator, you need to input details such as the distance traveled, the time taken, and the specific conditions of the scenario. Additionally, some calculators may ask for information on factors like acceleration, resistance of the medium, or external variables such as temperature and angle of motion. Based on these inputs, the velocity calculator will compute the rate of movement, typically in units like meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h). This helps in analyzing motion, selecting appropriate components like engines or conduits, and optimizing system performance and design.
Velocity refers to the rate at which an object or fluid moves in a specific direction, measured in units such as meters per second (m/s) or kilometers per hour (km/h). As a vector quantity, it combines speed with direction and is fundamental in fields like physics, engineering, and fluid dynamics.
To calculate the velocity of water in a pipe with a flow rate of 17.67 Liters per Minute (LPM) and a diameter of 50 mm:
The formula used to calculate velocity in a pipe is:
The pipe diameter is 50 mm (0.05 m).
Calculate the cross-sectional area of the pipe:
Convert 17.67 LPM to cubic meters per second: 17.67 / 60,000 = 0.0002945 m³/s.
Use the formula to find the velocity:
| Velocity | Pipe Diameter | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (m/s) | (ft/s) | (mm) | (inches) |
| 0.5 | 1.64 | 15 | 0.59 |
| 0.8 | 2.62 | 20 | 0.79 |
| 1.0 | 3.28 | 25 | 0.98 |
| 1.2 | 3.94 | 32 | 1.26 |
| 1.5 | 4.92 | 40 | 1.57 |
| 1.8 | 5.91 | 50 | 1.97 |
| 2.0 | 6.56 | 65 | 2.56 |
| 2.5 | 8.20 | 80 | 3.15 |
| 3.0 | 9.84 | 100 | 3.94 |
| 3.5 | 11.48 | 125 | 4.92 |
| Application | Required Velocity (m/s) |
|---|---|
| Water in Domestic Pipes | 0.5-1.5 |
| Irrigation Channels | 0.3-0.7 |
| Industrial Fluid Transport | 1.0-3.0 |
| Sewage Systems | 0.6-1.2 |
| HVAC Air Ducts | 2.0-5.0 |
| Car Exhaust Pipes | 10.0-20.0 |
| Wind Turbine Airflow | 5.0-15.0 |
Velocity measures the speed and direction of motion for objects or fluids. It’s essential in designing systems like pipelines, vehicles, and aircraft, as well as in understanding natural phenomena like wind or water flow.
To convert meters per second (m/s) to kilometers per hour (km/h), multiply the velocity in m/s by 3.6. For example, 5 m/s equals 18 km/h.
Velocity is influenced by factors such as flow rate, cross-sectional area, pressure, resistance (e.g., friction or viscosity), and external conditions like temperature or elevation.
For a moving object, use the formula: velocity (m/s) = distance (m) / time (s). For example, if an object travels 100 meters in 20 seconds, its velocity is 5 m/s.
A good velocity for water in domestic pipes is typically between 0.5 and 1.5 m/s, balancing efficiency and minimizing wear or noise.